Pneumothorax nursing diagnosis

Nursing Diagnosis: Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to decreased lung expansion, muscular or skeletal impairment, inflammation and/or pain secondary to pneumothorax, as possibly evidenced by difficulty of breathing, irregular or abnormal respiratory rate, or use of accessory muscles for breathing.

Mar 18, 2023 · Pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in between the parietal and visceral pleura, called the pleural cavity. It can occur by itself or can be the result of surrounding parenchymal disease like infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions. Pleural effusion is one of the major causes of pulmonary mortality and morbidity. This ... Apr 30, 2024 · Nursing Assessment. The main symptoms of pneumonia are coughing, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, shaking chills, rapid shallow breathing, fever, and shortness of breath. If left untreated, pneumonia could complicate hypoxemia, respiratory failure, pleural effusion, empyema, lung abscess, and bacteremia. A pneumothorax can be a complete lung collapse or a collapse of only a portion of the lung. A pneumothorax can be caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury, certain medical procedures, or damage from underlying lung disease. Or it may occur for no obvious reason. Symptoms usually include sudden chest pain and shortness of breath.The treatment of a pneumothorax varies with the cause. Knowledge of the condition will help the nurse in caring for the neonate at high risk. In this article, types of pneumothoraces will be reviewed, and information will be provided regarding the pathophysiology. diagnosis, treatment, and nursing responsibilities in caring for an infant ...procedure. A pneumothorax can be seen both with penetrating and blunt trauma. The most common procedures to cause a pneumothorax include a central line, thoracentesis, pacemaker, tracheostomy or biopsy. Other causes include CPR and positive-pressure ventilation. A tension pneumothorax is a true emergency that needs immediate correction.

Although catamenial pneumothorax is a clinical manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, histological evidence of thoracic endometrial deposits (ie thoracic endometriosis-related catamenial pneumothorax) was found in 52–87% of patients with catamenial pneumothorax who underwent surgery. 4 For this reason, the diagnosis of catamenial ...Symptoms of a large pneumothorax include: . Sharp chest pain that gets worse when coughing or taking a deep breath and that may radiate to the shoulder, arm, or back. Shortness of breath ( dyspnea) or shallow breathing. Chest tightness. Being easily fatigued.Jan 30, 2024 · Point of Care - Clinical decision support for Tension Pneumothorax. Treatment and management. Introduction, Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, History and Physical, Evaluation, Treatment / Management, Differential Diagnosis, Prognosis, Complications, Consultations, Deterrence and Patient Education, Pearls and Other Issues, Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes As tension pneumothorax is a syndrome diagnosis without an independent reference-standard diagnostic test [10,16,40], any systematic review of its clinical manifestations may be limited by incorporation bias (whereby the estimation of the frequency of clinical manifestations that may have been incorporated into the diagnosis may bias …Objective Data: Prepare patient for chest tube insertion/ Thoracentesis procedure was done to make sure that the lung reinflated. Pain can cause a patient to breathe more shallowly and can put them at risk for atelectasis. Pain relief can allow the patient to breathe more deeply. The chest can be asymmetrical due to a collapsed lung. Inspect the chest wall for asymmetry, deformities, or injuries. Note any subcutaneous emphysema, a potential sign of air leakage in pneumothorax. Fluid Balance Assessment: Monitor for signs of fluid imbalance, such as hypovolemia in hemothorax cases. Assess skin turgor, mucous membrane moisture, and urine output. Mar 28, 2022 · Obstructive shock refers to the anatomical blockage of the great vessels of the heart, leading to decreased venous return, increased afterload, and decreased cardiac output. Tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, and cardiac tamponade are different causes of obstructive shock, all of which are considered medical emergencies. Nursing Management. Nursing management starting ampere your with pneumothorax includes one following steps. Tending Assessment. One nurse should assess the following: Tracheal alignment. Expansion of an chest. Breath chimes. Percussion of the chest. Nursing Diagnosis. Based on the evaluation data, the major …

procedure. A pneumothorax can be seen both with penetrating and blunt trauma. The most common procedures to cause a pneumothorax include a central line, thoracentesis, pacemaker, tracheostomy or biopsy. Other causes include CPR and positive-pressure ventilation. A tension pneumothorax is a true emergency that needs immediate correction.A nursing diagnosis is a professional judgment rendered by a nurse in order to determine nursing interventions to achieve outcomes, NANDA International explains. A nursing diagnosi...Open pneumothorax is a pneumothorax involving an unsealed opening in the chest wall; when the opening is sufficiently large, respiratory mechanics are impaired. (See also Overview of Thoracic Trauma.) Spontaneous pneumothorax is discussed elsewhere. Some patients with traumatic pneumothorax have an unsealed opening in the chest wall.The first step of nursing care is the nursing assessment, during which the nurse will gather physical, psychosocial, emotional, and diagnostic data. In the following section, we will cover subjective and objective data related to decreased cardiac output. 1. Monitor heart rate and blood pressure. Pathophysiology: Pneumothorax- A trauma occurs to the pleural space and air accumulates within the space. This puts positive pressure in a space that is normally filled with negative pressure. The air within the space compresses and collapses the lung. Hemothorax- B. Blood collects in the pleural cavity (the space between the chest wall and the ... Abstract. Pneumothorax is defined as the abnormal presence of air within the pleural space (cavity) that results in the partial or complete collapse of a lung. It can occur spontaneously or due to a traumatic event. Symptoms can vary from a nondescriptive complaint of shortness of breath or chest pain to complete cardiopulmonary collapse.

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Nursing Management. Nursing management of a patient with pneumothorax comes the following steps. Care Assessment. The nurse ought assess who following: Tracheal alignment. Expansion of the bust. Breath ringing. Percussion of one brust. Nursing Diagnosis. Base on the score data, which major nursing diagnoses for the patient are:The following are the therapeutic nursing interventions for managing clients with an impaired balance of gas exchange. 1. Improving oxygen perfusion. Assessment of oxygen saturation. Monitor oxygen saturation continuously, using a pulse oximeter. Pulse oximetry is a useful tool to detect changes in oxygenation.Lymphomas are divided into two types - Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Hodgkin's lymphoma is sometimes called Hodgkin's disease. Written by a GP Try our Symptom Che...Learn how to diagnose and manage pneumothorax, a condition of collapsed lung caused by air entering the pleural space. Find out the nursing care plans for different types of pneumothorax, such as spontaneous, iatrogenic, and tension, and their related nursing diagnoses. See examples of assessment, … See more

Upon completion of this nursing care plan for Blunt Chest Trauma, nursing students will be able to: Develop a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms and types of blunt chest trauma, including the impact on various structures within the chest cavity and potential injuries to the thoracic organs. Recognize and interpret the signs and ... Introduction. Pneumothorax - is an accumulation of air or gas in the pleural space (the space between visceral and parietal pleura of the chest cavity), which can impair with ventilation, oxygenation, or both. This condition can vary in its presentation from asymptomatic to life-threatening. [1] [2]Tension pneumothorax: etiology, diagnosis, Pathophysiology; and Management. J Intensive Care Med 1994-;9:139-150 Depmment of Anesthesiology, University of hlaryland Medical Sysrem, South Hospital, S11-C10, 22 South Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201-1595.Mar 18, 2023 · Pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in between the parietal and visceral pleura, called the pleural cavity. It can occur by itself or can be the result of surrounding parenchymal disease like infection, malignancy, or inflammatory conditions. Pleural effusion is one of the major causes of pulmonary mortality and morbidity. This ... A pleural effusion, ie, an excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, indicates an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and removal. Accumulation of pleural fluid is not a specific disease, but rather a reflection of underlying pathology. Pleural effusions accompany a wide variety of disorders of the lung, pleura, and systemic ...Mar 7, 2022 · Rib Fracture NCLEX Review and Nursing Care Plans. Rib fracture, or a broken rib, is a type of fracture that accounts for at least 12 percent of all cases of broken bones. The rib cage is a bony structure made up of the sternum (breast bone), 24 rib bones divided into 12 pairs, and cartilage attached to the thoracic region of the spinal column. A pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air between parietal and visceral pleural cavity. [] Tension pneumothorax is the accumulation of air under pressure in the pleural space. This condition develops when injured tissue forms a 1-way valve, allowing air to enter the pleural space and preventing the air from escaping naturally.When you're asked questions – either on an application or in an interview – for a nursing scholarship, be ready with meaningful answers. Try to learn why the grantor is giving scho...

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A pneumothorax is a collapsed lung. A pneumothorax occurs when air leaks from the lung into the space between the lung and the chest wall. A pneumothorax is categorized as primary spontaneous, secondary spontaneous, or traumatic pneumothorax. A primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in individuals who have no known history of lung disease and are generally tobacco or cannabis smokers, are ... Pneumothorax: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions. Pneumothorax or collapsed lung is caused by air leaking into the pleural cavity. In a normal lung, negative pressure exists between the visceral and parietal pleura or the pleural space. This pleural space contains minimal fluid that serves as lubrication when the tissues ...Therefore, pneumothorax is almost impossible to diagnose within the first minutes of oxygenation deterioration and hemodynamic failure, while the sterile sheets are still on. The diagnosis of pneumothorax is generally based on clinical presentation, lung auscultation and associated respiratory function tests.Jan 30, 2024 · Pneumothorax is air collection in the pleural space, resulting in lung collapse from positive pleural pressure. Tension pneumothorax occurs when pleural pressure is transmitted to the mediastinum (see Image. Left-Sided Tension Pneumothorax Radiograph). This uncommon condition has a malignant course and might result in death if left untreated.[1][2] Tension pneumothorax may arise in the ... A pneumothorax is a collection of air outside the lung but within the pleural cavity. It occurs when air accumulates between the parietal and visceral pleurae inside the chest. The air accumulation can apply pressure on the lung and make it collapse. The degree of collapse determines the clinical presentation of pneumothorax. Air can enter the pleural space by two mechanisms, either by trauma ...Learn about the nursing care management for patients with pneumothorax, a collapsed lung, in this nursing study guide. Find out the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and interventions for simple, traumatic, …Nursing Diagnosis. Impaired Gas Exchange and appropriate NANDA nursing diagnosis for atelectasis. Causes. Atelectasis is one of three types: compressive, due to lung tissue compression, resorptive, caused by absorption of alveolar air, or related to an impairment of pulmonary surfactant production or function.] It is categorized as either ...Pneumothorax and hemothorax are conditions that affect the pleural space surrounding the lungs. When air leaks into this space, it’s called a pneumothorax; whereas when blood fills this space, it’s called a hemothorax. Now, let’s quickly review the anatomy and physiology of the pleural space. The lungs are lined with a membrane called the ...Jan 4, 2024 · Nursing diagnoses for tension pneumothorax guide the development of a focused care plan to address the immediate life-threatening nature of this condition. Rapid intervention, collaboration with the healthcare team, and ongoing assessment are paramount to optimizing outcomes for individuals experiencing tension pneumothorax.

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Although catamenial pneumothorax is a clinical manifestation of thoracic endometriosis syndrome, histological evidence of thoracic endometrial deposits (ie thoracic endometriosis-related catamenial pneumothorax) was found in 52–87% of patients with catamenial pneumothorax who underwent surgery. 4 For this reason, the diagnosis of catamenial ...Nursing diagnoses for tension pneumothorax guide the development of a focused care plan to address the immediate life-threatening nature of this condition. Rapid intervention, collaboration with the healthcare team, and ongoing assessment are paramount to optimizing outcomes for individuals experiencing tension pneumothorax.Patients with pneumothoraces typically complain of dyspnoea and chest pain. In tension pneumothorax, patients are distressed with rapid laboured respirations, cyanosis, profuse diaphoresis, tachycardia, and eventually shock. First-line treatment of pneumothoraces depends on the clinical scenario, but includes observation with …Pneumothorax NCLEX Question Quiz. 1. A patient is admitted with a chest wound and experiencing extreme dyspnea, tachycardia, and hypoxia. The chest wound is located on the left mid-axillary area of the chest. On assessment, you note there is unequal rise and fall of the chest with absent breath sounds on the left side.A full assessment of anatomy, symptoms, pharmacological management, and social or family history should be taken into consideration when developing a care plan for pneumothorax. Nursing Diagnosis. The nursing diagnosis for a patient with Pneumothorax involve providing treatments to reduce the existing symptoms and …Nursing care for patients with pneumothorax and hemothorax. This animation outlines the difference between spontaneous and tension pneumothorax and the basi...A. Place the patient in supine position B. Place a non-occlusive dressing over the chest wound C. Place a sterile occlusive dressing over the chest wound and tape it on three sides D. Prepare the patient for a thoracentesis, 3. A patient is diagnosed with a primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Nursing care of the patient with a pneumothorax will depend upon the extent of the pneumothorax, patient symptoms, and intended treatment options. Patients will need support with treatment of symptoms, through procedures, and in the case of secondary pneumothoraces, with diagnosis. Oct 28, 2022 · The Nursing Process. Since patients to pneumothorax mostly exhibit ventilator rescue, the patient’s hemodynamic stability should be considered the the management of the set. If the patients is stable and only has minimal airflow either fluid accumulation in of pleural space, nope handling may be necessary as the condition will resolve ... The nurse caring for the patient with a suspected or confirmed pneumothorax or hemothorax should: * auscultate the lungs. * obtain vital signs and oxygen saturation. * monitor for signs and symptoms of difficulty breathing. * monitor for asymmetrical lung expansion. * percuss over the lungs. * assess for wounds.Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs but may affect other organs. TB is an airborne disease spread through tiny droplets released into the air via coughs and sneezes. TB can be cured and prevented, but continues to be a global health crisis, … ….

Pneumothorax and Hemothorax Nursing Diagnosis NCLEX Review Care Plans Pneumothorax and Hemothorax. Pneumothorax is a medical condition where in a lung collapses due to the air leakage in the pleural space, or the space in between the chest wall and the lung. Hemothorax, on the other hand, happens when blood fills the pleural …Learn how a pneumothorax is diagnosed using chest X-ray, CT scan or ultrasound, and how it is treated with observation, needle aspiration, chest tube, …Barotrauma is damage to body tissue secondary to pressure difference in enclosed cavities within the body. Barotrauma is commonly observed in scuba divers, free-divers, or even in airplane passengers during ascent and descent. The most common organs affected by barotrauma are the middle ear (otic barotrauma), sinuses (sinus barotrauma), and the lungs (pulmonary barotrauma). This article will ...Feb 15, 2023 · Point of Care - Clinical decision support for Pneumothorax. Treatment and management. Introduction, Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, History and Physical, Evaluation, Treatment / Management, Differential Diagnosis, Prognosis, Complications, Consultations, Deterrence and Patient Education, Pearls and Other Issues, Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes Nursing Diagnosis for Pneumothorax Impaired Gas Exchange. Impaired gas exchange is a common nursing diagnosis for patients with pneumothorax. It occurs when the alveoli’s ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide is compromised. This can result from the collapse of the lung or the presence of air in the pleural space, which impedes lung ...A pneumothorax can result in collapse of the lung and difficulty breathing. If enough air accumulates in the space between the lung and the chest wall, the veins that bring blood to the heart can be compressed. As a result, less blood fills the chambers of the heart, the output of the heart decreases, and the newborn’s blood pressure decreases.Improving Breathing Pattern. In normal respiration, the pleural space has a negative …An in-depth look at hemothorax. A hemothorax is a collection of blood between the chest wall and the pleural cavity. Causes may include chest trauma, blood clotting disorders, chest surgery, heart surgery, pulmonary infarction, lung. large hemothorax can lead to a ten-sion hemothorax, as described previously.Apr 10, 2020 · Also, people who smoke are at increased risk of a pneumothorax, so quitting is highly recommended. For More Information If you have questions about your diagnosis, or what to expect after having a collapsed lung, you can call the Lung Association's Lung Helpline at 1-800-LUNGUSA to talk to a trained respiratory professional who can help answer ... Gas in the pleural space is termed pneumothorax. Pneumothorax can be a life-threatening condition that needs prompt attention. The management strategies of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP; presents in the absence of an external factor/underlying cause) and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP; presents as … Pneumothorax nursing diagnosis, Pneumothorax (PTX) is defined as air in the pleural space and is classified as spontaneous or nonspontaneous (traumatic). Traumatic PTX is a common pathology identified in the emergency department. Traditional management calls for chest x-ray (CXR) diagnosis and large-bore tube thoracostomy, although recent literature supports the …, Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) affects young healthy people with a significant recurrence rate. Recent advances in treatment have been variably implemented in clinical practice. This statement reviews the latest developments and concepts to improve clinical management and stimulate further research. The European Respiratory Society's …, Pneumothorax Definition/Etiology: An accumulation of air in the pleural space. This can be caused spontaneously, or from an injury. ... Paint a picture for a diagnosis! Chest X-Ray; Needle decompression: 14-16g over the needle catheter, 3-6cm in length. Above the third rib, midclavicular line – affected side! ... NURSING.com teamed up with ..., Apr 30, 2024 · Nursing Assessment. The main symptoms of pneumonia are coughing, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, shaking chills, rapid shallow breathing, fever, and shortness of breath. If left untreated, pneumonia could complicate hypoxemia, respiratory failure, pleural effusion, empyema, lung abscess, and bacteremia. , Chest trauma has quickly risen to be the second most common traumatic injury in non-intentional trauma.[1] Trauma to the chest is also associated with the highest mortality; in some studies, up to 60% depending on the mechanism of injury.[2] While penetrating chest trauma is less common than blunt trauma, it can be more deadly. …, A pneumothorax can be a complete lung collapse or a collapse of only a portion of the lung. A pneumothorax can be caused by a blunt or penetrating chest injury, certain medical procedures, or damage from underlying lung disease. Or it may occur for no obvious reason. Symptoms usually include sudden chest pain and shortness of breath., Mar 28, 2022 · Obstructive shock refers to the anatomical blockage of the great vessels of the heart, leading to decreased venous return, increased afterload, and decreased cardiac output. Tension pneumothorax, pulmonary embolism, and cardiac tamponade are different causes of obstructive shock, all of which are considered medical emergencies. , A pleural effusion, ie, an excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, indicates an imbalance between pleural fluid formation and removal. Accumulation of pleural fluid is not a specific disease, but rather a reflection of underlying pathology. Pleural effusions accompany a wide variety of disorders of the lung, pleura, and systemic ..., Nursing care of the patient with a pneumothorax will depend upon the extent of the pneumothorax, patient symptoms, and intended treatment options. Patients will need support with treatment of symptoms, through procedures, and in the case of secondary pneumothoraces, with diagnosis. , The incidence of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is similar to that of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: approximately 6.3 cases per 100,000 population per year among men and 2.0 cases per ..., Feb 27, 2017 ... Asthma, bronchitis, pneumonia and pneumonitis, atelectasis, pneumothorax COPD, lung fibrosis from inflammarion, respiratory muscle weakness ..., 1. Frequently assess the patient’s lung sounds and respirations. Adventitious lung sounds are expected with emphysema. Monitor for rhonchi or crackles that signal an infection, such as pneumonia. Monitor for changes in respiratory patterns for impending respiratory distress. 2. Assess oxygen saturation., Treatment of pneumothorax is based on symptoms, size, and the presence of underlying lung disease. Conservative management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a reasonable alternative for patients with limited symptoms and ability to follow-up. When tube thoracostomy is chosen, small-bore catheters ( 14F) are preferred in a majority of cases ..., Everyone has a story about a nurse from Kerala. Whether you live in India or abroad, whether you’ve checked into a hospital as a patient or dropped in as a visitor, chances are you..., A medical diagnosis does not change if the condition is resolved, and it remains part of the patient’s health history forever. A nursing diagnosis, however, generally refers to a specific period of time. Examples of medical diagnosis include: Arthritis. Congestive Heart Failure. Diabetes Insipidus., 1. Introduction. Pneumothorax is a rare but a potentially fatal intraoperative complication. Early detection and diagnosis of pneumothorax during general anesthesia could be challenging, as changes in the hemodynamic parameters can be nonspecific [].Patient-related risk factors of intraoperative pneumothorax are similar to those of …, Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The client is admitted to the emergency department with chest trauma. When assess- ing the client, which signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to find that support the diagnosis of pneumothorax? 1. Bronchovesicular lung sounds and bradypnea. 2. Unequal lung …, Lung Health & Diseases. Lung Disease Lookup. Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lungs) Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treating Pneumothorax. What are the Symptoms of …, The nursing interventions that you perform depend on what stage of the pneumothorax you are managing. Onset: Initially, you will be performing your basic nursing assessment . This will be a more focused assessment. You will see many of the symptoms that are listed above. The patient will have sudden onset of chest pain and respiratory distress., Inspect the chest wall for asymmetry, deformities, or injuries. Note any subcutaneous emphysema, a potential sign of air leakage in pneumothorax. Fluid Balance Assessment: Monitor for signs of fluid imbalance, such as hypovolemia in hemothorax cases. Assess skin turgor, mucous membrane moisture, and urine output., If you’re looking for a career that offers unparalleled job security, excellent compensation, and the satisfaction of helping others, nursing may be the way to go. By earning a nur..., Spontaneous pneumothorax represents a common clinical problem. An overview of relevant and updated information on epidemiology, pathophysiology and cause (s) of spontaneous (primary and secondary) pneumothorax is described. Pneumothorax is defined as the presence of air in the pleural space. Although intrapleural pressures are …, Learn how a pneumothorax is diagnosed using chest X-ray, CT scan or ultrasound, and how it is treated with observation, needle aspiration, chest tube, …, CLINICAL PRESENTATION. Pneumothorax should be suspected in patients who present with acute dyspnea and chest pain (classically pleuritic), particularly in those with an underlying risk factor ( table 1 ). The major competing diagnoses include acute pulmonary embolism, pleuritis, pneumonia, myocardial ischemia or infarction, …, Nursing care of the patient with a pneumothorax will depend upon the extent of the pneumothorax, patient symptoms, and intended treatment options. Patients will need support with treatment of symptoms, through procedures, and in the case of secondary pneumothoraces, with diagnosis. , Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patient’s recovery from impaired gas exchange. In the following section, you’ll learn about possible nursing interventions for a patient with impaired gas exchange. 1. Maintain patent airway. Ensure the upper airways remain open by: Proper suctioning techniques., Far too often in society, people use their diagnosis to define them. Or other well-meaning people or professionals describe someone as “Oh, that person is bipolar” or “She’s just b..., INTRODUCTION. Perioperative neonatal pneumothorax (NP) is a very rare incidental event that can rapidly develop life-threatening complications. With the exception of perioperative neonatal pneumothorax (PNP) risk factors, most incidents of PNP are related to surgery or anesthesia (Figure (Figure1 1)[].The importance of early diagnosis of …, Pathophysiology: Pneumothorax- A trauma occurs to the pleural space and air accumulates within the space. This puts positive pressure in a space that is normally filled with negative pressure. The air within the space compresses and collapses the lung. Hemothorax- B Blood collects in the pleural cavity (the space between the chest wall …, Sep 24, 2014 · Pneumothorax is an urgent situation that has to be treated immediately upon diagnosis. Pneumothorax is divided to primary and secondary. A primary pneumothorax is considered the one that occurs without an apparent cause and in the absence of significant lung disease. On the other hand secondary pneumothorax occurs in the presence of existing ... , Pneumothorax. A pneumothorax (collapsed lung, dropped lung) is the entry of air into the pleural space (the space between the lungs and chest wall). When air enters this area, the lung loses contact with the inside of the chest and “drops” down. As this happens, the lung is not able to expand as it usually does., 6 days ago · Learn about the nursing care management for patients with pneumothorax, a collapsed lung caused by air in the pleural space. Find out the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of this condition. See the nursing diagnosis and interventions based on the assessment data. , Find the best online master's in nursing administration online with our list of top-rated schools that offer accredited online programs. Updated June 2, 2023 • 0 min read thebestsc...